Rigorous Reasoning

Concept · Foundations

Risk versus Uncertainty

Risk refers to situations where the probabilities of outcomes are known or estimable; uncertainty refers to situations where those probabilities themselves are unknown or contested.

Why it matters

The distinction matters because expected-value calculations work cleanly under risk but require additional tools (robustness, minimax, scenario analysis) under genuine uncertainty.

Where this shows up

Units and lessons using this concept

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Related

Other concepts in Foundations

A, E, I, O PropositionsAccessibility RelationArgumentAtomic StatementAuthorial IntentBase RateBayes FactorBurden of Proof in InterpretationCalibrationCardinalityCartesian ProductCategorical Proposition